Delta 89 Engine Failure - B-777 Fuel dump over Los Angeles 1-14-2020
Delta 89 returns to LAX after an engine failure, controversially dumping fuel over schools.
Summary
On January 14, 2020, Delta Flight 89, a Boeing 777 bound for Shanghai, suffered a compressor stall in its right engine shortly after departing LAX. The crew declared an emergency and requested an immediate return, but despite telling controllers they did not need to dump fuel, they released thousands of gallons of jet fuel at low altitude over populated areas. The fuel fell on several elementary schools, leading to a major investigation and international media coverage.
Analysis
This recording captures the initial stages of a highly controversial aviation incident. Delta 89, a "Heavy" Boeing 777-200ER, was heavily laden with fuel for a long-haul flight to Shanghai. Shortly after takeoff, the crew reported an engine compressor stall—a disruption of airflow that can cause loud bangs and flames to shoot from the engine. While the crew managed to stabilize the engine, they needed to return to Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) immediately.
The most notable moment occurs when the SoCal Departure controller specifically asks the pilots if they need to hold to dump fuel or burn it off to reach a safe landing weight. The pilot responds with "Negative," indicating they intended to land the aircraft "heavy." However, shortly after this exchange and while on the final approach at altitudes as low as 2,000 feet, the crew began an emergency fuel dump. Because the aircraft was so low, the fuel did not atomize in the air as intended but instead fell as a liquid mist over several neighborhoods, including Cudahy and South Gate.
The technical context is vital: heavy aircraft have a Maximum Takeoff Weight (MTOW) significantly higher than their Maximum Landing Weight (MLW). Landing while overweight can damage the landing gear or airframe. While dumping fuel is a standard procedure to reach MLW, it is strictly regulated to occur at higher altitudes (usually above 5,000-6,000 feet) and away from populated areas to ensure the fuel evaporates before hitting the ground.
The recording demonstrates excellent coordination by ATC to clear the airspace. Controllers re-sequenced multiple aircraft, including Eva 601 and American 255, to give the emergency aircraft a "straight-in" priority. However, the discrepancy between the pilot's "Negative" response regarding the fuel dump and their subsequent actions remains the central point of the FAA's investigation into this event.